Question 4

For each description, identify a) the independent variable, b) the dependent variable, and c) whether a paired or an independent-samples design is being described

I. A 1957 article in the Journal of Experimental Psychology described the kind of dreams that are reported when you wake a person during REM sleep (rapid eye movement) or at other times during NREM sleep (non-REM). Vivid dreams come from the REM aroused and no dreams or vague dreams from the NREM aroused. Thirsty subjects were in the study. They were awakened during REM sleep and asked about their dreams and, again, during NREM sleep and asked the same a) Independent variable _____________ b) Dependent variable _____________

c) Design _____________

d) df________

II. Brad gathered data on the effect of authority among college students. He had 24 students read and give a rating of quality on a scale of 1-7 to an abstract of a scientific article. For 12 students, the apparent author of the abstract was a person with a title of authority. For the other 12, the apparent author's title was not one of authority. a) Independent Variable _____________ b) Dependent Variable _____________ c) Design _____________ d) df ______________