Question:

$(50$ marks$)$

Ethylene is converted to alcohol by vapour phase hydration at as per the reaction given: $C2H4(g)+H2O(g)C2H5OH(g).$ The fugacity coefficients for ethylene, ethanol and water vapour are $0\mathrm{.}98,0\mathrm{.}84$ and $0\mathrm{.}91$ respectively. The equilibrium constant varies with temperature as $lnK=(\frac{4760}{T})-(1\mathrm{.}558lnT)+(2\mathrm{.}22{10}^{-3}T)-(0\mathrm{.}29{10}^{-6}{T}^2)-5\mathrm{.}56.$

Illustrate the influence of the following factors on the equilibrium conversion of ethylene to ethanol using the extent of reaction concept:

Temperature at constant pressure.

Pressure at constant temperature.

Reactant composition at constant temperature and pressure.

Presence of product in initial mixture at constant, reactant composition. temperature and pressure.

Presence of inert material like $N_2$ gas in the initial mixture at constant, reactant composition. temperature and pressure.