QUESTION $5$

As shown in Figure $-1,$ two plates are clamped by washer$-$faced M$121\mathrm{.}2538\mathrm{.}1mm$ SAE grade $5$ bolts, each with a standard $12$ N steel plain washer.

$($a$)$ Determine the member spring rate $k_m$ if the top plate is steel and the bottom plate is gray cast iron.

$[5$ Marks$]$

$($b$)$ Using the conical frusta method, determine the member spring rate $k_m$ if both plates are steel.

$[2$ Marks$]$

$($c$)$ Using the equation provided, determine the member spring rate $k_m$ if both plates are steel. Compare the results with part $($b$).$

$[3$ Marks$]$

$($d$)$ Determine the bolt spring rate $k_b.$

$[2$ Marks$]$

$2$ of $2$