Question: Identify and concisely describe $23$ common themes that you noticed emerge from the $$Advice for Boards & Executives$$ sections found in the Appendix: Summaries of Study Organization Interviews $(400$ word min$)$

Advice for Boards & Excecutives $$ Embrace change because it$$s here $$ Don$$t be afraid to ask questions; have edgy conversations $$ Let community need drive decision making $$ Get educated; prepare for board meetings $$ Extend the time horizon for strategic planning; consider$$what if$$scenarios $$ Understand providers must work together to create a network of needed care$$hospitals can$$t do it alone

Advice for Boards & Executives $$ Understand the drivers of reform, the pace at which the organization should transform, the risks and unintended consequences of the journey $$ Don$$t be insular; learn from your customers $$ Get the board involved; help them understand what$$s going on elsewhere in health care delivery and innovation $$ Be very clear about the vision, goals and strategies $$ Probe, question and challenge$$ask questions management has not thought of $$ Deeply engage as partners in transformation $$ Focus on relationships with physicians $$ Create system$-$wide relationships and incentives to reach common goals $$ Always ask,$$What$$s right for the patient?$$

Advice for Boards & Executives $$ Get educated $$ Be bold $$ Break down barriers to improvement and effect change $$ Ensure board members have diverse expertise, perspectives, ability to manage change and see the big picture $$ Don$$t be afraid to change governance in order to improve it $$ Within multiple$-$board organizations, boards at all levels need to understand their responsibilities and not micromanage or duplicate the work of other boards $$ Conduct a brutally honest assessment of reform and view the organization as having huge vulnerabilities that must be intentionally and assertively addressed

Advice for Boards & Executives $$ Be more tuned into the legislative arena locally and nationally $$ Collaborate with other institutions to develop common solutions to problems $$ Get educated about reform and the business of care delivery and payment $$ Be attuned to the local environment; improve care quality, safety and efficiency $$ Understand the current system of care is not sustainable $$ Add younger community leaders to the board