Read and use the information below to answer questions that follow:

An intervention is a deliberate process by which change is introduced into peoples$$ thoughts,

feelings and behaviours. The overall objective of any intervention is to confront individuals,

teams or units of people in a non$-$threatening way and allow them to see their self$-$destructive

behaviour and how it affects themselves and colleagues. It might involve several people who

have prepared themselves to talk to the target group that has been engaging in some sort of selfdestructive behaviour. In a clear and respectful way they inform the persons of factual

information regarding their behaviour and how it may have affected them. The immediate

objective of an intervention is for the target to listen and to accept help. OD intervention would

be a combination of the ways a manager can influence the productivity of his$/$her team by

understanding how managerial style impacts organisational climate and more Notes importantly

how to$-$create an environment of high performance

Numerous interventions have been developed over the years to address different problems or

create various results. However, they all are geared toward the goal of improving the entire

organization through change in general, organizations that wish to achieve a high degree of

organizational change will employ a full range of interventions, including those designed to

transfer individual and group behavior and attitudes.

Entities attempting smaller changes will stop short of those goals, applying interventions

targeted primarily toward operating policies, management structures, worker skills, and

personnel policies. OD interventions can be categorized in a number of ways, there are

various OD interventions and they are classified in different ways.

Source: Adapted from Phera and Agolla, Organisation change development, BOU.

a$.$ List any three components affected under structural OD intervention. $(3$ marks$)$

b$.$ Outline four critical features of an OD intervention which was pioneered by Edwards

Deming. $(4$ marks$)$

c$.$ Explain three payoffs and three pitfalls of team building as contributes to the

organisational performance an OD intervention. $(6$ marks$)$

d$.$ Critically evaluate four main misgivings of an OD intervention regarded as the

fundamental re$-$thinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic

improvements in critical, contemporary measures of performance. $(12$ marks$)$