Read the case study below and answer the questions that follow.

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Bayerische Motoren Werke, which is German for Bavarian Motor Works, is better known globally for its acronym BMW $($bmwgroup$.$com$).$ BMW was created as a combination of three German manufacturing companies: Rapp Motorenwerke and Bayerische Flugzeugwerke in Bavaria and Fahrzeugfabrik Eisenach in Thuringia. Aircraft engine manufacturer Rapp Motorenwerke became Bayerische Motorenwerke in $1916,$ and the company added motorcycles to its product repertoire in $1923.$ BMW expanded to automobiles in $1929$ when it purchased Fahrzeugfabrik Eisenach, which built Austin $7$ cars under a license from Dixi. Fittingly, the first BMW car was called the BMW Dixi.

Globally, BMW is known for streamlined design, incredible luxury, and top$-$notch performance. The company has more than $125,000$ employees, delivers about $2\mathrm{.}4$ million vehicles annually, and has a revenue of $95$ billion $($about $$103$ billion in U$.$S$.$ dollars$).$ Its leadership spans products in automobiles, motorcycles, and aircraft engines. Innovation is one of the main success factors for the BMW Group, and innovation is infused into all of BMW$$s product lines. The company claims that focusing on the future is an important part of BMW$$s identity and day$-$to$-$day work, and the reason for its global success. In addition to the well$-$known BMW brand, BMW also owns the iconic Rolls$-$Royce brand and the distinctive MINI automobiles.

BMW and $$driving pleasure$$ are synonymous, even by people not owning a BMW$!$ BMW creates driving pleasure from the perfect combination of dynamic, sporty performance; ground$-$breaking innovations; and breath$-$taking design. With a range of car models, a unique feature of BMW is its $$M$$ designation models that takes the $$driving pleasure$$ to another level. BMW $$M$($for Motorsport$)$ was initially created to facilitate BMW$$s racing program but has since become a supplement to BMW$$s vehicles portfolio with specially modified higher trim features. BMW M is part of an outstanding motorsports heritage and stands for high performance out of passion, with the latest addition to the line being the BMW M$760.$ It$$s the evolutionary link that connects BMW and Rolls$-$Royce, bridging the gap between the $7$ Series and the entry$-$level Rolls$-$Royce Ghost.

Rolls$-$Royce is considered the most exclusive luxury automobile brand in the world. This reputation is rooted in the brand$$s long history and rich tradition. Rolls$-$Royce delivers the promise of effortless power, luxury, quality, and perfect sanctuary. The entry$-$level Rolls$-$Royce Ghost carries a price tag around $$250,000,$ and the models escalate from that price point. Rolls$-$Royce has, from its early days of daring experimentation, created a vision for luxury that is rooted in constantly chasing perfection. This perfection drives the supreme quality, exquisite hand craftsmanship, and attention to the finest detail to maintain its global position as the pinnacle luxury automobile manufacturer in the world. Like Rolls$-$Royce, the MINI also traces its roots to the United Kingdom.

MINI is a car brand owned by BMW that specializes in small cars. The full platform of MINI cars is small, with the idea of maximizing the experience and concentrating on the essential. A long$-$standing attention to clever solutions with distinctive designs unlocks urban driving and caters to customers$$ individual needs. The most iconic is the MINI Cooper, named after British racing legend John Cooper. The MINI Cooper product line has a uniquely sporting blend of classic British mini$-$car heritage and appeal with precise German engineering and construction. According to the MINI team, they are targeting affluent urban dwellers in their $20$s and $30$s who enjoy the fun, freedom, and individuality that the MINI cars offer$$or perhaps we should just say they target newly graduated college students living in cities!

To help with its targeting of affluent urban dwellers for the MINI or the even more affluent clientele for the BMW or Rolls$-$Royce, the BMW Group$$s leaders have studied brands outside of the automobile industry to create the company$$s future retail strategy. Enter the $$product genius.$$ BMW$$s product genius is a noncommissioned car expert who will spend whatever time it takes or is needed to educate customers about their car choices, options, and any issue that the customer wants to get more information on$.$ This shifts the $$performance$$ from closing the sale of a car to making the customer satisfied, which lessens the typical pressure most customers feel when walking in to a car dealership $($and likewise lessens the pressure of the salesperson to sell a car to get commission$).$

$1.$ What is your reaction to the global brand of BMW when you hear the name? What do you think of the brand and when you see BMW vehicles on the road?