Read the case studybelowand answer the questions1,2 & 3 bellow.

Government-funded schools'procurement of products and services represents a significant sum of money spent in thepublic sector area. Staffing typically amounts to around 70% of school costs. The remainder consists of operating and maintenance expenditures, such as gas and electricity, catering, stationery, buildings maintenance, cleaning,and insurance. These are purchased from external suppliers and account for a sizeable proportion of any school's budget. There is a growing focus on the importance of procurement activity within schools, as they have often failed to comply with government procedures for procurement. A report entitled 'Review of Efficiencyin the Schools System'published in 2013 found that too many schools continue to purchase products and services individually. They have failed to realise potential economies of scale,which might have been achieved by collaborating with other schools using a consortium or group-buying approach. Where competition was sought, contracts were often awarded to suppliers purely based onthe lowest prices. This focus on price often created problems with the quality of productsand servicesthat were supplied. For example, in catering, pupils could have been offered food with little nutritional value or a limited range of healthy options. By contrast, in other procurement categories, such as in the supply of energy and personnel and buildings'insurance, very little competition was evident. A survey of prices for routine items (such as stationery) showed how they varied hugely by the supplier, depending on the supplier selected. The report also highlighted a sample of 23 schools, all based within a 15-mile radius of each other, had a combined spend on purchased goods and services of approximately N$5million per year. (Extract from CIPS Procurement and Supply in Practice)

The following issues were identified:

1,828 different suppliers were used

The annual spend with 1,524 of these suppliers was less than N$100 000.00 each

The schools in the sample were using the same suppliers but on varying terms and conditions

Schools were also paying different amounts for the same goods and services.

QUESTION1(15 MARKS)

Design FIVE sequential stages of a typical tenderingprocess that a new buying consortium could adoptfor public schools.

QUESTION 2(15 MARKS)

Analyse the importance of Bid Security and Bid Securing Declaration in terms of Public Procurement. Also,provide three (3) advantages and disadvantages of using them.

QUESTION3(20 MARKS)

3.1 Analyse any five (5) procurements methods from the Namibian Public Procurement Act? Give examples of procurement scenarios appropriate for each method.[15 marks]

3.2 How can e-procurement be used to create efficiency in the above case study? [5 marks