Read the extract below and answer ALL the questions.

R$350$ GRANT TO INCREASE ON $1$ APRIL

The social relief of distress grant will increase by R$20$ or $5\mathrm{.}7\%$ from $1$ April $2024,$ the Minister of Finance Enoch

Godongwana announced in Parliament on Wednesday.

President Cyril Ramaphosa promised in his February State of the Nation speech that the government would "extend and

improve" the grant, which has stood at R$350$ a month since it was introduced in May $2020.$ However, no increase was

announced in the Budget in February.

The grant was introduced during the Covid$-19$ pandemic to cushion the blow of the lockdown for the poorest of the poor.

Since then, it has been extended and the criteria for qualification tightened to include only those who have no income at all.

About $9$ million people now receive the grant at a cost to government of R$33\mathrm{.}6$ billion.

The ANC government has committed to making provision for a permanent basic income grant at some point in the

future. This is a much$-$debated policy position taken by Government. Many analysts are of the opinion that South Africa

cannot adfford yet more social grants, which places immeasurable pressure on the fiscus.

For this initiative to be operationallised, different forms of planning need to be executed. Not only are plans of strategic

nature required but also operational and tactical planning.

About $26$ million people in SA receive social grants at a total cost of R$266$ billion a year.

From $1$ April, the old age grant will increase by R$90$ with another small increase in October of R$10$ to R$2185$ the child

support grant will increase by R$25$ to R$530$ and the disability grant by R$100$ to R$2815.$

Question $1(20$ Marks$)$

$$While governmental policies and institutions may remain more or less the same for years, they can also change suddenly

and unpredictably in response to new political agendas and crises$.$ COVID$-19$ may be cited as a catalyst for change in the

welfare policy regime in South Africa. Yet, other catalysts $($reasons$)$ may also be apparent. Comprehensively discuss policy

dynamics and ANY FIVE $(5)$ reasons for policy change. Support your answer with appropriate examples for each reason.

You must relate how policy theory translated into application within this context.

Question $2(20$ Marks$)$

Different forms of planning exist. The above narrative makes mention of three $(3)$ types of planning. Demonstrate that you

can apply the theory associated with the different forms of planning by examining each and relating it to the planning that

Government had to conduct in response to dealing with the COVID$-19$ pandemic. Ensure that you use appropriate

examples that relate to the context of the narrative.

Question $3(20$ Marks$)$

Critically discuss ANY FIVE $(5)$ barriers to effective planning which may curtail effective implementation of the Social Relief

of Distress grant as an example of where his public service may be unsuccessful.

uestion $4(20$ Marks$)$

Examine the FOUR $(4)$ types of bills that are identified in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. Provide examples

for each.

Question $5(20$ Marks$)$

Elaborate on ANY FIVE $(5)$ characteristics that a professional policy analyst should have to assess government policy.

Relate your answer to the Social Relief of Distress Grant mentioned in the above narrative. Provide appropriate examples

to support your answer.