Read the following scenario and then answer the question that follows.

John has been working as a software engineer at a tech company for two years. Recently, he noticed that his workload has significantly increased without any additional compensation or support. He has been working overtime consistently, which has started to impact his personal life and well$-$being. John feels that his employer is violating the terms of his employment contract, specifically regarding work hours and compensation. Consequently, he decides to raise a grievance to address the issue.

What does a grievance typically involve?

Select one:

A formal complaint by an employer regarding a problem in the work environment.

A formal complaint made by a union representative regarding labour laws.

A formal complaint made by customers or clients about the quality of products or services.

A formal complaint by an employee or employees concerning a problem in the work environment or relating to the employment relationship.