Reading the textbook, pp$.203$ff$.,$ which one of the followings is the truest one?

Stating that: "All S are P$,"$ it in class notation means that:

a$)$ Every member of the S class is a member of an excluded part of P$.$

b$)$ Every member of the S class is a member of the P class in which the S class is included.

c$)$ Every member of the S class is a member of the P class in which the S class is excluded.

d$)$ None of the above.