Rewrite this in essay-style format: In fermentation processes, the current state is estimated through various measurements. Common parameters to monitor include: pH Levels:A change in acidity can indicate fermentation progress. Temperature:Optimal temperature ranges are crucial for yeast activity. Dissolved Oxygen (DO):Especially in aerobic fermentations, DO levels must be monitored. CO2 Production:Increased CO2 levels typically indicate active fermentation. Sugar Concentration: Measuring residual sugar can help estimate how far along the fermentation is (UMGC, 2025)