Section A Multiple Choice 15 Marks Circle the best answer (a, b, c, d ) for each of the following questions: 1. Empirical means: a. Based on theory. b. Based on a false dichotomy. c. A thing given or granted, something known or assumed as fact and made the basis for reasoning or calculations. d. Based on, guided by, or employing observation and experiment rather than the theory. 2. The 'gambler's fallacy' in illogical reasoning refers to; a. an expectation of more of the same pattern of events or outcomes that has been there for some time. b. an expectation based on the gambler's chances of losing. c. an expectation of good luck after a long run of bad luck. d. an expectation of no drastic change in the pattern of events or outcomes that has been there for some time. 3. A paradigm is: a. the same as an epistemology. b. the science of knowledge. c. a frame of reference for organizing observations and reasoning. d. a small part of a social theory. 4 Two basic forms of stating a problem as a researchable question are: a. a paradigm and a theory b. a theory and a hypothesis. c. a hypothesis and a concept. d. a hypothesis and a research objective. 5 In the normal sequence of the research process, data is collected in which phase? a. Phase I b. Phase II c. Phase III d. All the Phases 2 |Page