Solve the following application problems.

$16.$ A salesperson is paid $$425$ per week plus a commission of $4\mathrm{.}5\%$ on all sales. The salesperson sold $$521$ worth of goods on Monday, $$421$ on Tuesday, $$625$ on Wednesday, $$953$ on Thursday, and $$314$ on Friday. Returns and allowances for the week were $$180.$ Find the employee's $($a$)$ Social Security tax $(6\mathrm{.}2\%),($b$)$ Medicare tax $(1\mathrm{.}45\%),$ and $($c$)$ state disability insurance $(1\%)$ for the week.

$17.$ David Chapman earned $$113,285\mathrm{.}46$ so far this year. This week he earned $$3023\mathrm{.}78.$ Find his $($a$)$ FICA tax and $($b$)$ Medicare tax for this week's earnings.

$16.($a$)$

$($b$)$

$($c$)$

$17.($a$)$

$($b$)$

For Exercises $18$ and $19,$ find $($a$)$ the Social Security tax and $($b$)$ the Medicare tax for each of the following self$-$employed people. Use a FICA tax rate of $12\mathrm{.}4\%$ and a Medicare tax rate of $2\mathrm{.}9\%.$

$18.$ Martinez: $$43,528\mathrm{.}19$

$18.($a$)$

$($b$)$

$19.$ Conley: $$27,293\mathrm{.}41$

$19.($a$)$

$($b

$20.$ The employees of Daily Donuts paid a total of $$1216\mathrm{.}14$ in

$20.$ Social Security tax last month, $$284\mathrm{.}42$ in Medicare tax, and $$2412\mathrm{.}26$ in federal withholding tax. Find the total amount that the employer must send to the Internal Revenue Service.