Some organizations recognize that the traditional manager function is obsolete and that all employees have managerial responsibilities is especially effective when employees are working from home with limited contact to a manager. Bossless organizations are more flexi employees are more committed and make decisions faster and better than traditionally managed organizations. Assigning managerial $r$ to every employee requires extra training and the right organizational culture that supports the bossless environment.

Today's managers must lead by:

empowering employees to do their best work.

encouraging competition among employees.

providing financial incentives to the best employees.

providing clear and authoritative direction.

Which of the following is a challenge for bossless organizations?

Absence of clear and direct reporting relationships slows down the decision making process

Assigning managerial responsibilities to all employees requires increased employee training

Absence of clear and direct reporting relationships decreases an organization's flexibility

Lack of direct management lowers employee engagement