summarize What are the "red flags" in this case? This case reinforced the critical importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for severe underlying pathology in patients presenting with headaches, even when symptoms initially appear consistent with a known diagnosis such as migraine. A key takeaway from this encounter was the need to continuously assess for "red flags" and worst-case scenariossuch as an intracranial mass, subdural hematoma, or hemorrhageparticularly in the presence of changes in headache frequency, severity, or character. A comprehensive neurologic examination and detailed history-taking proved essential in differentiating primary headache disorders from secondary causes. In this patient, the presence of a visual aura (scintillating scotomas), photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea raised concerns. While these symptoms are typical of migraine with aura, they can also be seen in more serious conditions such as seizures, transient ischemic attacks (TIA), or space-occupying lesions. Additionally, the unilateral location of pain behind one eye required careful consideration, as this presentation may indicate alternative diagnoses, including cluster headache, glaucoma, temporal arteritis, or a mass lesion, particularly if the headache is new or worsening in nature