Task $2$

A$)$ Explain what are the head losses for flow through pipes, give equations related to each of these head losses. In what engineering applications these head losses may occur.

For the pipework apparatus at six different discharges the tube height readings are presented in the following table. Find loss coefficient $(k)$ for each of the fittings and changes in diameter of the pipe between these $10$ manometer readings, tabulate your results and produce required graphs and curves. Present step by step the calculation from which these results and graphs are obtained.

$\backslash$table$[[,\backslash$table$[[$Flow$],[$Rate$],[($L$/$sec$.)]],$Tube Height $($mmH$20)],[,\backslash$table$[[1]],2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10],[1,0\mathrm{.}540,540,\backslash$table$[[378]],308,\backslash$table$[[190]],178,228,228,114,98,40],[2,0\mathrm{.}465,512,376,316,218,206,246,246,150,138,88],[3,0\mathrm{.}422,466,366,320,246,236,268,268,194,184,146],[4,0\mathrm{.}293,428,356,326,272,266,286,286,236,230,220],[5,0\mathrm{.}168,396,350,\backslash$bar $(328),294,290,302,302,270,264,246],[6,\backslash$table$[[0\mathrm{.}124]],360,344,336,322,320,324,324,316,310,304]]$