task : $\_\_52$#What are the foundational theories that underpin civil engineering? Discuss how these theories inform the design, construction, and maintenance of civil infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and buildings. Additionally, analyze the role of key principles like structural mechanics, materials science, and fluid dynamics in civil engineering theory. Explore how these theories have evolved over time to address contemporary challenges such as sustainability, resilience to natural disasters, and urbanization. Finally, consider the interdisciplinary nature of civil engineering theory, incorporating aspects of mathematics, physics, and environmental science to ensure the safety, functionality, and longevity of civil projects.