task $99===$How do fundamental theoretical principles form the bedrock of civil engineering, shaping methodologies and driving progress? Explore the pivotal role of theory across essential disciplines such as structural analysis, geotechnical engineering, fluid mechanics, and materials science. Discuss how theoretical frameworks inform the understanding, design, and maintenance of civil infrastructure, ensuring safety, reliability, and sustainability. Investigate the role of theory in predicting and mitigating risks like structural failure, soil instability, and hydraulic hazards. Additionally, explore how theoretical understanding fosters innovation in green infrastructure, resilient design, and smart city development, addressing contemporary challenges in civil engineering.