Question: Test the null hypothesis that the pre- and post-intervention utterance of umms are equal (alpha=0.05). Many businesses are currently struggling with security breaches initiated by
Test the null hypothesis that the pre- and post-intervention utterance of "umms" are equal (alpha=0.05). Many businesses are currently struggling with security breaches initiated by their own workers (e.g., letting in unauthorized people, clicking on phishing links, or dropping USB drives with company data). To address this, a company has developed a new training on common security issues. For a sample of 200 employees, they measured the number of security breaches in a quarter before and after the security training. The results of this data collection are in the attached dataset (ps10_security). The dataset has the following variables: Security_before: The number of breaches caused by the employee in the quarter before training Security_after: The number of breaches caused by the employee in the quarter after training Using this data and the appropriate statistical test, determine if the security training is associated with a difference in employee-initiated security breaches. Use alpha = 0.05 and a two-tail test. You must include program output from SPSS/Excel in addition to your answer.
| security_before | security_after |
| 9 | 0 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 2 | 6 |
| 4 | 6 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 6 | 0 |
| 1 | 3 |
| 3 | 1 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 8 | 2 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 3 | 8 |
| 7 | 6 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 5 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 4 | 7 |
| 10 | 0 |
| 5 | 6 |
| 3 | 4 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 7 | 7 |
| 7 | 4 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 8 | 4 |
| 4 | 5 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 2 | 0 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 6 | 7 |
| 3 | 5 |
| 6 | 9 |
| 3 | 7 |
| 7 | 7 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 7 | 3 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 6 | 0 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 4 | 9 |
| 2 | 0 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 6 | 3 |
| 5 | 7 |
| 9 | 7 |
| 4 | 5 |
| 7 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 5 | 9 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 5 | 6 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 9 |
| 7 | 5 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 4 | 5 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 7 | 9 |
| 4 | 6 |
| 0 | 3 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 6 | 9 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 2 | 5 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 5 | 6 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 2 | 0 |
| 8 | 0 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 8 | 5 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 3 | 10 |
| 4 | 6 |
| 6 | 6 |
| 6 | 2 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 6 | 3 |
| 9 | 0 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 6 | 3 |
| 3 | 8 |
| 4 | 6 |
| 8 | 2 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 3 | 6 |
| 2 | 11 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 8 | 4 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 2 | 4 |
| 8 | 2 |
| 7 | 5 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 7 | 6 |
| 8 | 4 |
| 3 | 5 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 7 | 5 |
| 4 | 5 |
| 6 | 2 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 6 | 4 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 7 | 7 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 2 | 5 |
| 7 | 8 |
| 7 | 3 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 5 | 5 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 2 | 5 |
| 7 | 6 |
| 6 | 3 |
| 6 | 5 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 8 | 2 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 8 | 0 |
| 6 | 2 |
| 6 | 0 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 6 | 4 |
| 7 | 3 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 7 | 3 |
| 3 | 6 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 4 | 9 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 6 | 6 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 2 | 8 |
| 6 | 3 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 4 | 5 |
| 5 | 5 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 | 5 |
| 5 | 1 |
| 4 | 5 |
| 1 | 6 |
| 8 | 2 |
| 5 | 6 |
| 4 | 1 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 11 | 2 |
| 2 | 4 |
| 6 | 5 |
| 8 | 2 |
| 9 | 3 |
| 8 | 3 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 6 | 0 |
| 7 | 3 |
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