The definition of compressibility factor Z, Eq. (3.32), may be written in the more intuitive form: V ZE V(ideal gas) where both volumes are at the same T and P. Recall that an ideal gas is a model substance comprising particles with no intermolecular forces. Use the intuitive definition of Z to argue that: (a) Intermolecular attractions promote values of Z < 1 (b) Intermolecular repulsions promote values of Z > 1 (c) A balance of attractions and repulsions implies that Z 1. (Note that an ideal gas is a special case for which there are no attractions or repulsions.) Equation (3.32) PV ZE RT =