Question: The dynamic array data structure is used as the basis of Java's ArrayList library class. Describe this data structure and explain how it achieves (amortized)

The "dynamic array" data structure is used as the basis of Java's ArrayList library class. Describe this data structure and explain how it achieves (amortized) constant-time adding of elements, while also giving constant-time random access of elements. As part of your answer, make sure to explain what "amortized" means for the data structure
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