Question: The expanded NeedhamSchroeder Protocol can be shortened to a 6-message protocol without loss of security by merely removing the 7th message. Why is this true?

The expanded NeedhamSchroeder Protocol can be shortened to a 6-message protocol without loss of security by merely removing the 7th message. Why is this true? (Hint: the purpose of the 7th message is to prove to Bob that he is talking to Alice, but he already knows that. Why?)

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