The initial effective stresses on a saturated soil element at a certain depth in a soil mass are $$

$=$

$80,$

$=40,$ and $$

$=40.$ The groundwater level is below the depth of the soil

element. A sudden outward movement of a retaining wall that was retaining the soil resulted in the

following changes in stresses: $\backslash$Delta $=0,\backslash$Delta $=10($parallel to wall$),$ and $\backslash$Delta $=$

$40($normal to wall$).$

$($a$)$ Plot the initial stress state and the total stress path in $($p$,$ q$)$ space.

$($b$)$ Plot the effective stress path assuming that the soil is a linearly elastic material.

$($c$)$ Determine the maximum excess pore water pressure.The initial effective stresses on a saturated soil element at a certain depth in a soil mass are ${}_1^{\text{'}}=$

$80$kPa,${}_2^{\text{'}}=40$kPa, and ${}_3^{\text{'}}=40$kPa. The groundwater level is below the depth of the soil

element. A sudden outward movement of a retaining wall that was retaining the soil resulted in the

following changes in stresses: ${}_1=0$kPa,${}_2=-10$kPa $($parallel to wall$),$ and ${}_3=$

$-40$kPa $($normal to wall$).$

$($a$)$ Plot the initial stress state and the total stress path in $(p,q)$ space.

$($b$)$ Plot the effective stress path assuming that the soil is a linearly elastic material.

$($c$)$ Determine the maximum excess pore water pressure.