The Secure Communities program, launched in $2008$ under President Bush and expanded under President Obama, caused tensions between the federal governments and state governments because it

prevented state and local authorities from asking suspected criminals to show proof of citizenship upon arrest.

required state and local authorities to check the fingerprints of people being booked into jail against a Homeland Security database.

forbade state immigration officials from deporting undocumented immigrants who had not been convicted of a felony.

offered state and local authorities federal reimbursement for money spent processing undocumented immigrants.