Third Query Formatting Help

Please explain the purpose of the formatting technique or the purpose of the function for each of the queries in the image below.

Query 10 ' SELECT INSTR ('MARION SMITH', ') FROM DUAL; -Query 11 SELECT CONCAT (CONCAT ('SMITH, ', 'MARION) FROM DUAL Query 12 SELECT CONCAT ( (SUBSTR ('MARION SMITH', INSTR ('MARION SMITH', +1)),',' AS LASTNAME FROM DUAL; -Query 13 (SUBSTR ('MARION SMITH'' 1, INSTR ('MARION SMITH', ' SELECT '))) AS FIRSTNAME FROM DUAL; -Query 14 SELECT CONCAT (CONCAT (SUBSTR ( 'MARION SMITH ' , INSTR ( 'MARION SMITH ' ' ' ' ) +1 ) ) , , , , ) , SUBSTR 'MARION SMITH', 1, INSTR ('MARION SMITH,')))AS LastNameFollowedByFirstNam RO DUAL