Question: This is a cryptology question from introduction to modern cryptography katz. 1- Prove that an encryption scheme is perfectly secret if and only if it

This is a cryptology question from introduction to modern cryptography katz.

1- Prove that an encryption scheme is perfectly secret if and only if it is adversarially indistinguishable (lemma 2.6 from Katz).

2- Show that the shift, substitution, and Vigenere ciphers are all trivial to break for an adversary executing a chosen plaintext attack. How much chosen plaintext is needed to recover the key for each of the ciphers?

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