This question is based on the information below:

Source: South African Reserve Bank Quarterly Bulletin March $2022$

Which of the following statements about the table above is correct?

a$.$

There was no increase in direct investment between $2019$ and $2021.$

b$.$

Between $2019$ and $2021,$ South Africa had a net inflow of investment in all sub$-$categories in the financial account.

c$.$

The large outflow of portfolio investment could be triggered by a ratings downgrade to junk status.

d$.$

The balance on the financial account for $2021$ is $-$R$24295$ million.