This seems like it should be so simple but my initial answers were incorrect and now i am getting lots of opinions and conflicting answers. How can I determine this?

This was the feedback from my professor:

COMMENTS:

Thank you for your response to this problem.To improve your performance here, be sure to apply the definitions of independent variables, quasi-independent variables, and dependent variables to each scenario.Each scenario will have one independent variable (either independent or quasi-independent, but not both) and a dependent variable.The difference between an independent variable and a quasi-independent variable is whether it is something the researcher manipulated or simply measured.Independent variables are manipulated...so it is implementing a new diet or exercise plan, a reading program, watering a plant with different amounts of water, or giving some children hard copy textbooks and other children e-textbooks.Quasi-independent variables can't be manipulated...they already exist and are simply documented or measured in a study.Examples may be gender or dog breed or having had the chicken pox or not.Remember, you have either an independent variable OR a quasi-independent variable but NOT both.Dependent variables are what we think the IV has an effect on. Do we think males or females run faster? The DV is running speed. Do we think Keto or Weight Watchers is more effective for weight loss? The amount of weight lost is the DV. There are 3 or more errors among your responses.

Problem Set 1.1: Identifying Variables (Dependent, Independent, Quasi-Independent)

Criterion: Identify dependent and independent variables.

Instructions: For the following list of examples, identify the dependent variable and independent (or quasi-independent) variable.

1.A researcher tests whether cocaine use increases impulsive behavior in a sample of cocaine-dependent and cocaine-inexperienced mice.

Independent Variable:

Quasi-Independent variable:

Dependent Variable:

2.A professor tests whether students perform better on a multiple-choice or fill-in-the-blank test format.

Independent Variable:

Quasi-Independent Variable:

Dependent Variable:

3.A researcher tests whether smoking by parents influences children's attitudes toward smoking behavior.

Independent Variable:

Quasi-Independent Variable:

Dependent Variable:

4.A social scientist tests whether attitudes toward morality differ based on political affiliation (Democrat or Republican).

Independent Variable:

Quasi-Independent Variable:

Dependent Variable:

5.A cultural researcher tests whether individuals from different cultures share or differ in the belief that dreams have meaning.

Independent Variable:

Quasi-Independent Variable:

Dependent Variable: