Thomas Malthus believed that population growth would

a$.$ put stress on the economy's ability to produce food, dooming humans to remain in poverty.

b$.$ eventually decline to sustainable levels, as improved birth control enables people to have smaller families.

c$.$ promote technological progress because there would be more scientists and inventors.

d$.$ spread the capital stock too thinly across the labour force, lowering each worker's productivity.

e$.$ all the above

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