Question: Transport Layer Security TLS is a protocol that operates between application-layer protocols and TCP. When using the TLS record protocol, each application-layer protocol data unit

Transport Layer Security

TLS is a protocol that operates between application-layer protocols and TCP. When using the TLS record protocol, each application-layer protocol data unit (AL PDU) is assigned a TLS sequence number. The first TLS sequence number in a TLS connection is 0 and TLS sequence numbers are incremented by 1 for each AL PDU. A message authentication code (MAC) is computed using the AL PDU and TLS sequence number as input. The AL PDU and MAC are then encrypted and the resulting TLS PDU is encapsulated in a TCP segment.

(i) Explain why the first TLS sequence number does not need to be chosen pseudo-randomly.

(ii) Explain why the TLS sequence number does not need to be included in the TLS PDU.

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