1. True or False (If "false", write its reason. You can write either in English )

(a) Forecasts are rarely perfect.

(b) The mean absolute deviation is the sum of the absolute value of forecasting errors divided by the number of forecasts.

(c) The mean absolute deviation is more sensitive to large deviations than the mean square error.

(d) Removing the seasonal component from a time-series can be accomplished by dividing each value by its appropriate seasonal factor.

(e) A smoothing constant of 0.1 will cause an exponential smoothing forecast to react more quickly to a sudden change than a value of 0.3 will.