: Use the transformed section method to determine,

$(1)$ Neutral axis depth of uncracked section $(236$ mm$)$

$(2)$ Gross second moment of area $(2\mathrm{.}977\backslash$times $109$ mm$4$

$)$

$(3)$ Cracking moment $(11\mathrm{.}017$ kN$$m$)$

$(4)$ Cracked second moment of area $(1\mathrm{.}179\backslash$times $109$ mm$4$

$)$

$(5)$ Concrete and steel stresses induced by a positive bending moment of $50$ kN$$m on the given

section below by assuming that the section is cracked but in elastic range. Young's modulus of

concrete and steel are assumed to be $30$ GPa and $200$ GPa, respectively. $=32$ MPa. The residual

stress due to shrinkage is $2\mathrm{.}602$MPa. The concrete cover is $25$ mm$,$ and the stirrup reinforcement

diameter is $6$ mm$.(5\mathrm{.}807$ MPa, $76\mathrm{.}293$ MPa$)($