Using the selected financial data from Merk's $2019$ annual SEC filing please calcualte the following

in the highlighted cells for the corresponding years:Selected Financial Data

Sales $$39,498$ $$39,807$ $$40,122$ $$42,294$ $$46,840$

Cost of sales $15,04314,03012,91213,50914,112$ Gross Profit

MarginSelling, general and administrative $10,50810,01710,07410,10210,6152019201820172016$

Research and development $6,79610,26110,3399,7529,872$

Income before taxes $5,4014,6596,5218,70111,464$

Net Profit MarginTaxes on income $9427184,1032,5081,6872019201820172016$

Net income $4,4593,9412,4186,1939,777$

Working capital $10,55013,4106,1523,6695,263$ ROIC

Total assets $101,67795,37787,87282,63784,3972019201820172016$

Long$-$term debt $23,82924,27421,35319,80622,736$

Total equity $44,76740,30834,56926,88226,001$ Earnings Per

ShareAverage common shares outstanding $2,8162,7662,7302,6642,5652019201820172016$

Long term debt

to capital $2019201820172016$

$*$figures presented in millions $2019$

$2018$ Debt to Equity

$20172019201820172016$

$2016$