What does a manufacturer do when using a pull strategy?

$q,$

forces a retailer to promote its product by placing national brand ads in local

directs retailers to promote one product over another to help balance fluctuations in inventory.

advertises a great deal to its wholesalers, retailers, and ultimate consumers with the use of nationwide advertising campaigns.

directs the promotional mix toward channel members to gain their cooperation in ordering and stocking the product.

directs the promotional mix at ultimate consumers to encourage them to ask retailers for the product.