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the reader increase Readers are also required to read texts containing varying viewpollife and to analyze them critically Stage S: Construction and Reconstruction This stage, Which generally lasts through college and beyond, is characterized " Worldview " Readers use the information in books and articles as needed; moy reader knows which books and articles will provide the information he or s feeds and can locate that information within a book without having to read itis its entirety. At this stage, reading is considered constructive; that is, readers toin th a wide range of information and construct their own understanding for theis malvidual uses based on their analysis and synthesis of the information. Not all readers progress to this stage. As Chall herself states, the value of this framework is that it "suggests that different aspects of reading be emphasized at different stages of reading development, and that success at the beginning is essential since it influences not only early reading achievement but also reading at subsequent stages of development. " This framework highlights the need for beginning-reading programs to provide children with strong instruction in decoding words. It is also a warning that a prolonged stay in any one stage can result in serious reading problems. As you read the information provided in this book and assess the reading development of your students, keep in mind the stages of reading development framework. Consider how it can be used to modify instruction. For example, what you do instructionally with a third-grade child stuck in Stage 1 is different from what you do with a third-grade child already in Stage 3. Aside from providing balanced, strong reading instruction that meets the needs of all your students, the greatest gift you can give them is a love of reading. I am constantly reminded of Mrs. Fry, my fourth-grade teacher. Throughout the year she read to us the entire Little House series by Laura Ingalls Wilder. The words seemed to melt off the pages as she read. I can still remember the emotion and excitement in her voice. She made me want to read everything she picked up. Indeed, many of us purchased our own Little House sets of books or checked out of the library every book she recommended. She brought books to life! It is that love of literature we can and must share with our students to open the door for them to a world of amazing ideas. 32 PHONICS FROM A TO Z