Question: What is an index? What is the difference between a clustering index and a secondary index? ( 6 points ) 2 . Give examples of

What is an index? What is the difference between a clustering index and a secondary index? (6 points)2. Give examples of systems in which it may make sense to use traditional file processing instead of a database approach. (3 points)3. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using (a) an unordered file, (b) an ordered file, and (c) a static hash file with buckets and chaining. Which operations can be performed efficiently on each of these organizations, and which operations are expensive?(9 points)4. What is the difference between SQL, NSQL, and NewSQL databases? provide an example of each database systems. (9 points)5. A file has r =25,000 STUDENT records of fixed length. Each record has the following fields:Name (40 bytes), Ssn (9 bytes), Address (60 bytes), PHONE (10 bytes), Birth_date (8 bytes), Sex (1 byte), Major_dept_code (4 bytes), Minor_dept_code (4 bytes), Class_code (4 bytes, integer), and Degree_program (4 bytes). An additional byte is used as a deletion marker.The file is stored on the disk with the following characteristics (these are not parametersof any particular disk unit): block size B =512 bytes; interblock gap size G =147 bytes;number of blocks per track =25; number of tracks per surface =400. A disk pack consistsof 18 double-sided disks. (18 points)i. Calculate the record size R in bytes. ii. Calculate the blocking factor bfr andili. The number of file blocks b, assuming an unspanned organization.6.16.34(Textbook)- Consider a disk with the following characteristics (these are notparameters of any particular disk unit): block size B =512 bytes; interblock gap size G =128 bytes; number of blocks per track =20; number of tracks per surface =400. A diskpack consists of 15 double-sided disks.

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