what is normalization and tell us why it is 3NF?

this is all the list of my tables according to this tell me what is normalization and why it is 3NF

and i want unique answer please

Data Tables: 1. Administrator Table: Fields Data Type int(5) Varchar(20) gender Varchar(10) a id Relationships Primary Key Not Null Not Null a name 2. Doctor Table: Fields Doctor id Doctor name Dept a id Data Type int(5) Varchar(15) Varchar(15) Int(5) Relationships Primary Key Not Null Not Null Foreign Key 3. Staff Table: Fields s name s id Data Type Varchar(15) Int(5) Int(12) Int(5) Int(5) Relationships Not Null Primary Key Not Null Not Null Foreign Key NID salary a id 4. Lab table: Fields lab_no Patient id weight Doctor_id date Data Type int(5) int(5) int int(5) Date/Time[6] Varchar(15) Varchar(15) Int(10) Relationships Primary Key Not Null Not Null Foreign Key Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null category patient_type amount 5. Inpatient Table: Fields Patient id name gender address room no Data Type int(5) Varchar(20) Varchar(10) Varchar(20) int(5) Date/Time[ 6] Date/Time[6] Int(10) int(5) Int(5) Relationships Primary Key Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Foreign Key Foreign Key date of admit date of discharge advance lab_no Doctor_id disease Varchar(20) Not Null 6. Outpatient Table: Fields Patient_id Data Type int(5) Date/Time Relationships Primary Key Not Null Foreign Key date lab no int(5) 7. Room Table: Fields room no room type status Patient id Data Type Int(5) Varchar(10) Varchar(10) Int(5) Relationships Primary Key Not Null Not Null Foreign Key 8. Bill Table: Data Type int(50) int(5) Varchar(10) int Fields bill no Patient id patient_type doctor_charge medicine_charge room charge operation charge number of days nursing charge advance int Relationships Primary Key Foreign Key Allow Null Not Null Not Null Not Null Allow Null Allow Null Allow Null Allow Null int int int int int health_card lab_charge bill Varchar(50) int Allow Null Allow Null Not Null int