What is the biggest difference between read mode and write$/$append modes when referencing a file that does not exist?

All three will create a new file when reading, writing, or appending a file that does not exist.

Read and write will create a new file, but append will cause an error if the file does not exist.

All three will cause an error when reading, writing, or appending a file that does not exist.

Reading a file that does not exist will cause an error. Writing or appending a file that does not exist will cause the creation of this file.