What is the major difference between vertical integration and outsourcing?

a$.$

Vertical integration is usually limited to services, where as outsourcing usually deals with production of goods.

b$.$

Outsourcing uses external suppliers to perform some production$/$service functions while production$/$service functions through vertical integration are strictly in$-$house.

c$.$

Vertical integration is ownership of a part of the supply chain, outsourcing has no ownership.

d$.$

Outsourcing is a long term operations strategy where vertical integration is short term.

e$.$

Outsourcing is ownership of a part of the supply chain, vertical integration has no ownership.