When Google created its China$-$based search engine www$.$google.cn$,$ they did not foresee eventually abandoning it because of censorship issues with the Chinese government. Google created www$.$google.cn because country$-$based search engines, such as France$-$based www$.$google.fr and Greece$-$based www$.$google.gr$,$ had been profitable for the company in the past. Which of the following biases could have been in effect when Google made the initial decision to launch www$.$google.cn$?$

a$.$ Initiating the sunk cost effect

b$.$ Perpetuating the status quo

c$.$ Being influenced by emotions

d$.$ Justifying past decisions