Which circumstance is an example of statistical inference?

Knowing the data values, we can compute the sample mean.

Knowing the sample standard deviation, we can compute the standard deviation of the sample mean.

Knowing the population mean, we can guess at the next data value.

Knowing the sample proportion, we can guess at the population proportion.

When can I not use a central limit theorem?

I want a population proportion. My sample proportion is 65% and n = 20.

I want a population proportion. My sample has 6 successes and 4 failures.

I want a population mean. My data (n = 8) is normally distributed.

I want a population mean. My data (n = 63) is not normally distributed.

If the null hypothesis were true, data like mine would only occur in 6% of trials. 6% is my:

population proportion.

p-value.

correlation coefficient.

sample proportion