Which definition explains the Principal$-$agent relationship?

Collective action undertaken by government agencies to ensure the health of the community. These efforts include the prevention of disease, identification of health problems, and the assurance of sanitary conditions, especially in the areas of water treatment and waste disposal.

The amount of money that an insured person must pay before a health plan begins paying for all or part of the covered expenses.

A standard feature of health insurance policies that requires the insured person to pay a certain percentage of a medical bill, usually $10$ to $30$ percent, per physician visit or hospital stay.

A standard feature of many managed care plans that requires the insured person to pay a fixed sum for each office visit, hospital stay, or prescription drug.

A relationship in which one person is in a superior position$/$authority over another person and often can and do make decisions on behalf of this other person.