Which options will cause the caffeine obtained from the final experimental results to be higher than the theoretical value, and which results will cause the caffeine obtained to be lower than the theoretical value

They drained to much from the separating funnel into their conical flask when collecting the lower organic from separating funnel during solvent extraction process and so some of the substances in dissolved in the aqueous layer were collected as well.

They did not correctly filter the dichloromethane after using the anhydrous MgSO₄(s) to remove any water from the dichloromethane, meaning some MgSO4(s) remained in suspended in the dichloromethane solution that was distilled in steps 8 and 9.

They did not fully dry and evaporate all of the CH₂Cl₂ when they distilled their sample to remove the dichloromethane used for the solvent extraction.

The student did not use a full 5 separate portions of dichloromethane to perform the solvent extraction.

They didn't drain off enough of the lower organic layer in the separating funnel when collecting the dichloromethane used in the solvent extraction process.