y taking into consideration numerous aspects such as demand patterns, lead times, supplier limitations, and manufacturing capacity, optimization models can dramatically improve inventory management decisions. These models employ mathematical algorithms to optimize inventory levels and reduce expenses while maintaining customer service levels. Companies, for example, can address uncertain demand patterns and lead times using approaches like as stochastic optimization, allowing for better risk management and decision-making. Another strategic decisions that an organization is determined the price that is charged, which allows the company to make money and keep it cheap enough to keep customers