You are doing research on a job training program.Some teens have volunteered to participate in the program.You compare their employment rates 6 months after completing program with employment rates of teens that did not participate in the program.Your data are below, and your job is to assess whether there is an association between participation in the program and employment.

Subject number Participant? Employed?

1 Y Y

2 Y Y

3 N N

4 Y Y

5 N N

6 N N

7 N N

8 Y Y

9 Y N

10 N Y

11 N Y

12 N N

13 N Y

14 Y Y

15 Y Y

16 Y N

17 Y Y

18 N N

19 N Y

20 Y Y

21 Y Y

22 Y Y

23 N N

24 N N

25 N Y

26 Y Y

27 N N

Hint: You will need to set up the bivariate table. What are the two variables of interest? What are the values of each variable? What are the frequencies in the cells?

a.Perform a 5-step statistical test of association.

b.Hearing about your conclusion, a friend asks whether your study proves that participation in the job training program causes employment to change.What do you tell your friend?