You are part of a research team investigating the effects of aerobic cardiovascular and moderate weight resistance

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Question:

You are part of a research team investigating the effects of aerobic cardiovascular and moderate weight resistance training on the BMI (Body Mass Index) of moderately overweight but not obese teens (BMI range: 25.0 – 29.9). Your team has carefully recruited four random samples of about fifty overweight adolescents each. All subjects were given access to a local gym, had an initial fitness session in which they were introduced to the facilities and their use, and passed a medical evaluation to ensure they were healthy enough for an exercise program. They were randomly assigned to one of four groups: Group A: Not assigned to any specific exercise program (‘control’ or ‘no treatment’ group) Group B: Asked to follow a cardiovascular exercise program 3 times per week Group C: Asked to follow a moderate weight resistance training program 3 times per week Group D: Asked to follow an exercise program that incorporated both cardiovascular activity and resistance training 3 times per week The adolescents’ BMI’s were measured by their general practitioner or another medical professional before they began the study and again two months later. You have been asked to provide the top-line summary of preliminary results for your team to review based on the data file you have received, using a confidence level of 95%. Id: The identification number given to each participant for confidentiality Group: The treatment group the individual is assigned to (A, B, C or D) BMI_1: BMI measurement of participants before they began the study BMI_2: BMI measurement of participants 2 months later

Your research summary should answer the following questions:

a. What was the average change in BMI for subjects in each of the four groups? (These averages should be expressed as confidence intervals. i.e. Provide a 95% confidence interval for the change in BMI for subjects in each group)

b. Perform a hypothesis test to determine which groups showed a significant reduction in BMI. (Provide p-values for each group for this specific test.)

c. Compare the confidence intervals (from part a) and the hypothesis test results (from part b) and make connections between the two. Which exercise program was more effective in reducing BMI: the cardiovascular exercise or weight resistance training programs? Your response should include a decision (based on a test) whether or not to assume equal variances. What can you conclude about the variances of the change in BMI for the cardio and weight training group compared to the group that was not asked to follow a specific exercise program?

a. Verify or disprove that the average starting BMIs (BMI_1) of the four groups were the same.

b. What impact does this have on the reliability of your results above?

204 D205 D206 D207 D208 D209 D210 D211 D212 D213 D214 D215 D D216 D27.925.528.5282627.927.126.526.827.3
24171 D172 D173 D174 D175 D176 D177 D178 D179 D180 D181 D182 D183 D184 D185 D186 D187 D188 D189 D190 D19
1336137 C138 C139 C140 C141 C142 C143 C144 C145 C146 C147 C148 C149 C150 C151 C152 C153 C154 C155 C156 C
102B103 B104 B105 B106 B107 B108 B109 B110 B111 C112 C113 C114 C115 C116 C117 C118 C119 C120 C121 C122 C
68 B69 B70 B71 B72 B73 B74 B75 B76 B77 B78 B79 B80 B81 B82 B83 B84 B85 B86 B87 B88 B89 B90 B91 B92 B
34 A35 A36 A37 A38 A39 A40 A41 A42 A43 A44 A45 A46 A47 A48 A49 A50 A51 A52 A53 A54 A55 B56 B57 B58 B
id1BMI 227.9I Group1 A2A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A2