You set up a communication channel between two medieval castles by letting a

trained raven repeatedly carry a scroll from the sending castle to the receiving

castle, $160$ kilometers away. The raven flies at an average speed of $40k\frac{m}{h},$ and

carries one scroll at a time. Each scroll contains $1\mathrm{.}8$ terabytes of data. Calculate the

data rate of this channel when sending $($i$)1\mathrm{.}8$ terabytes of data; $($ii$)3\mathrm{.}6$ terabytes of

data; $($iii$)$ an infinite stream of data. As part of the Internet of Things, everyday devices are increasingly connected to

computer networks. IoT makes it easier for people to$,$ among other things, monitor

their belongings and utility usage. But any technology can be used for both good and

bad. Discuss some disadvantages of this technology. A server sends packets to a client via satellite. The packets must traverse one or

multiple satellites before they reach their destination. The satellites use store$-$and$-$

forward packet switching, with a switching time of $100sec.$ If the packets travel a

total distance of $29,700km,$ how many satellites do the packets have to pass if $1\%$

of the delay is caused by packet switching? In the reference model used in the class, every layer interacts with the layer below it

by using its interface. For each of the functions below, indicate which layer provided

the interface $($i$.$e$.,$ which layer implements the function$).$Suppose the algorithms used to implement the operations at fayer $k$ are changed,

How does this impact operations at layers $k-1$ and $k+1?$