Question: Smoking and heart attacks Repeat the previous exercise, considering another potential confounding variable whether the physicians smoked. The contingency table cross-classifies treatment group by smoking
Smoking and heart attacks Repeat the previous exercise, considering another potential confounding variable—
whether the physicians smoked. The contingency table cross-classifies treatment group by smoking status.

Smoking Status Treatment Never Past Current Total Aspirin 5,431 4,373 1,213 11,017 Placebo 5,488 4,301 1,225 11,014
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