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statistics alive
Questions and Answers of
Statistics Alive
An experiment used dogs trained in distinguishing healthy patients from patients with bladder cancer by smelling certain compounds in the patient's urine. In each trial of the experiment, one urine
For a test of \(\mathrm{H}_{0}: p=0.50\), the sample proportion is 0.35 based on a sample size of 100 .a. Show that the test statistic is \(z=-3.0\).b. Find the \(\mathrm{P}\)-value for
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the official unemployment rate was 5.8% among Blacks and 3.1% among Whites in February 2020. (This was just one month before the massive increase due to
In 2015, a survey of first year university students in Brazil was conducted to determine if they knew how to activate the Mobile Emergency Attendance Service (MEAS). Of the 1,038 respondents (59.5%
In order to estimate the proportion p of people who own houses in a district, we choose a random sample from the population and study its sampling distribution. Assuming p = 0.3, use the appropriate
During the month of January 2017, a total of 29,544 flights took off from the Atlanta International Airport. Of all these flights, 23.9% had a departure delay of more than 10 minutes. If we were to
In 2015, the on-time arrival rate of all major domestic and regional airlines operating between Australian airports has a bell-shaped distribution roughly with mean 0.86 and standard deviation 0.1.a.
Survey accuracy According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, Annual Social and Economic Supplement, the average income for females was \(\$ 28,466\), and the standard deviation was
According to the website http://www.digitalbookworld.com, the average price of a bestselling ebook increased to \(\$ 8.05\) in the week of February 18, 2015, from \(\$ 6.89\) in the previous week.
A study dealing with vehicle maintenance issue plans to take a sample survey of 2,100 Japanese to estimate the proportion who got their vehicles regularly serviced and mean yen amounts that Japanese
In a survey of 1,009 American adults in 2016, 313 said they would not allow a young son to play competitive football (www.forbes.com).Find the point estimate of the population proportion of these
To win a basketball game, two competitors play three rounds of one three-point shot each. The series ends if one of them scores in a round, but the other misses his shot or if both get the same score
Assume that \(71 \%\) of WhatsApp users have given it a five-star rating on Google Play. Of the remaining users, \(15 \%, 6 \%, 3 \%\), and \(5 \%\) have given ratings of four, three, two, and one
An insurance company wants to examine the views of its clients about the prices of three car insurance plans launched last year. It conducts a survey with two sets of plans with different prices and
Most phones use lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. These batteries have a limited number of charge and discharge cycles, usually falling between 300 and 500. Beyond this lifespan, a battery gradually
For an approximately normally distributed random variable \(X\) with a mean of 200 and a standard deviation of 36,a. Find the \(z\)-score corresponding to the lower quartile and upper quartile of the
A machine is programmed to fill packets with 500 grams of nuts. It is known from previous experience the net weight of nuts in the packets are normally distributed with \(\mu=502\) grams and
The mean and standard deviation of the grades of a statistics course and an English course are ( \(\mu=80\), \(\sigma=4.5)\) and \((\mu=85, \sigma=4.0)\), respectively. A student attends both the
Use the Binomial Distribution app to study the graph and shape for each of the following binomial distributions: a. n 4 and p = 0.50. b. n 4 and p = 0.30. c. n = 4 and p = 0.10. d. Which if any of
Unfair wealth distribution sentiment According to a study published in www.gallup.com in \(2015,63 \%\) of Americans said wealth was unevenly distributed among a larger percentage of people. For a
Test generator A professor of statistics wants to prepare a test paper by selecting five questions randomly from an online test bank available for his course. In the test bank, the proportion of
In a village having more than 100 adults, eight are randomly selected in order to form a committee of residents. \(40 \%\) of adults in the village are connected with agriculture.a. Verify that the
For the binomial distribution, the number of trials \(n\) is a fixed number. Let \(Y\) denote that \(50 \%\) score has been obtained by a randomly selected university student who studies four
Investment choices You can invest \(\$ 1,000\) in three different ways.(i) An investment that accumulates \(10 \%\) interest per year (i.e., you get \(\$ 1,100\) at the end of the year)(ii) An
You have two possible paths to reach your school. Path A is \(1.5 \mathrm{~km}\) long, and path \(\mathrm{B}\) is \(1.3 \mathrm{~km}\) long. Each day, the probability you choose path \(A\) to reach
Mean and standard deviation for a binary random variable One of the simplest discrete random variables is a binary random variable (sometimes called a Bernoulli random variable). It takes on only two
Normal heart rate The normal resting heart rate for adults is 60 to 100 beats per minute. The heartbeat rate in a sample of 400 patients was tested. It was found that the distribution of the number
IQR for normal distribution For a normally distributed random variable, the IQR isa. twice the standard deviationb. less than twice the standard deviationc. larger than twice the standard deviationd.
The objective of the game Minesweeper is to clear a field without detonating any mines or bombs. Your friend claims that his rate of completing the game successfully is \(90 \%\).a. You decide to
The Power Rank website (thepower rank.com) listed the probability of each team to win the 2014 World Cup in soccer as follows:a. Interpret Brazil's probability of \(35.9 \%\), which was based on
Which of the following statements is not correct, and why?a. If the number of male and female employees at a call center is equal, then the probability that a call is answered by a female employee is
Your friend is interested in estimating the proportion of people who would vote for his project in a local contest. He selects a large sample among his many friends and claims that, with such a large
The all-time, on-time arrival rate of a certain airline to a specific destination is \(82 \%\). This week, you have booked two flights to this destination with this airline.a. Construct a sample
Job Satisfaction According to a survey by The World Economic Forum (WEF) (June 2, 2021), there is a great unrest among employees who are looking forward to resigning from their present jobs. The
Which of the four statements refers to a conditional probability when selecting an adult person from the U.S population at random? (The probabilities are estimated based on a representative
For a randomly selected passenger on the Titanic, which of the following statements refers to a conditional probability?a. There is an \(8 \%\) chance that the passenger was booked in third class and
For a course with two sections, let A denote \{first section is online\}, let \(B\) denote \{at least one section is online\}, and let \(\mathrm{C}\) denote \{both sections are online\}. Suppose
During the 2016 presidential campaign, Hillary Clinton tweeted the following about background checks for gun ownership. It is an example of the wrong use of Venn diagrams and not using conditional
A study published by www.tobaccofreekids.org concluded that prevention campaigns organized by tobacco companies were ineffective at best and even worked to encourage kids to smoke. Nevertheless,
Tina's mother is extremely proud that her daughter has a great job offer from a prestigious company located in Manhattan. However, she expresses concern when she learns that, based on statistics
A nonprofit organization surveyed its members for their opinion regarding an upcoming charity walk. The survey asked, "We are considering a shift of our preannounced location to a new one this year.
Physical fitness and academic performance In a study by Karen Rod Enroth, "A study of the relationship between physical fitness and academic performance", conducted among students of the fourth and
In 2015, the outgoing president of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) claimed "99\% of athletes are clean" (www.irishexaminer.com). However, based on a survey administered
An agricultural field experiment was conducted by Bo D. Pettersson in the Nordic Research Circle for Biodynamic Farming in Järna, Sweden, which began in 1958 and lasted until 1990. The field
Texting while driving is dangerous and causes injuries and fatalities. A team of researchers studied whether typing text messages, reading them, or a combination of both, while driving affect eye
The contingency table shows results from a Norwegian study about whether there was an association between pelvic girdle pain (PGP) and sick leave during pregnancy (Malmqvist et al., 2015).a. The
In 1995,1000 teenagers participated in a survey. The respondents were asked about their dream jobs. Fifteen years later, a follow-up survey was conducted to see whether people were working in the
An experiment was designed to compare the efficiency of three types of teaching methods - traditional face-to-face instruction, hybrid (technology-mediated instruction), and completely online. A
In 2015, the National Drowning Report published in Australia shows a drowning rate of 0.26 per 100,000 people in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). A few days ago, you read about a teenager who
An online poll was conducted asking respondents whether they thought members of parliament (MPs) should be allowed second jobs to boost their annual basic salary. The poll had two possible responses:
An analysis by Professor Peter M Rothwell and his colleagues (Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, UK) published in 2012 in the medical journal The Lancet
During the spring semester in 2014, an ebook survey was administered to students at Winthrop University. Of the 170 students sampled, 45% indicated that they had used ebooks for their academic work.
The Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning conducted a survey of about 563 Chinese, with a tertiary education, about their interest in reducing global
Suppose a student is interested in knowing the preferred holiday destinations of the faculty members in their university. They are affiliated to the college of business and interview a few of the
The Current Better Life Survey (https://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org) is used by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to assign Better Life Indices, calculated through
The following table shows the result of the 2018 General Elections in Pakistan, along with the vote share predicted by several organizations in the days before the elections. The sample sizes were
A poll was conducted by Ipsos Public Affairs for Global News. It was conducted between May 18 and May 20, 2016, with a sample of 1005 Canadians.It was found 73% of the respondents “agree” that
A study performed by Florida International University investigated how musical instruction in an after-school program affected overall competence, confidence, caring, character, and connection(known
A study published in The Sydney Morning Herald in 2019 investigated the effect of financial incentives on performance scores of students. As part of the study, 50 schools having students of fifth
Construct a data file about the purchasing behavior of four customers, described below, who visit a shopping mall. Enter the purchase amounts each spent on clothes, sporting goods, books, and food.
A career counseling firm sends interviewers to a college to interview students. Among the questions the interviewers ask are the time they spend on self-study, the monthly fee paid for online
Of all cancer cases around the world in 2012, 13% had lung cancer, 11.9% had breast cancer, 9.7% had colorectal cancer, 7.9% had prostate cancer, 6.8% had stomach cancer, and 50.7% had other types of
Classify each of the following variables as categorical or quantitative.a. The number of social media accounts you have (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram, etc.)b. Preferred soccer teamc. Choice
Identify each of the following variables as nominal, ordinal, or neither.a. Gender (with categories female, male, nonbinary, other)b. Favorite colorc. Pain as measured on the 11-point pain scale,
In the 2018 General Social Survey (GSS), 2,344 respondents answered the question, “How many children have you ever had?” The results were a. Is the variable, number of children, categorical or
The following bar chart is from a study investigating the social media platforms liked by Brazilians. For the 5,000 Brazilians under study in March 2022, social media platform preferences were based
In 2017, a survey was conducted comprising nationals from different countries across the globe. Upon the question of how aerosols affect the climate, 28.0% responded in favor of albedo effect, 33.5%
A student wants to examine the distribution of their scores as shown on their academic transcript.To this end, they constructed the stem-and-leaf plot of their records:a. Identify the number of
The first graph shows a histogram of the Central Park, New York, annual average temperatures from 1869 to 2018.a. Describe the shape of the distribution.b. What information can the time plot show
The fertility rate for a nation is the average number of children per adult woman. The following table shows results for western European nations, the United States, Canada, and Mexico, as reported
In New Zealand, the mean and median weekly earnings for males in 2009 was \($993\) and \($870\), respectively, and for females, the mean and median weekly earnings were \($683\) and \($625\),
Find information on Major League Baseball players’ salaries for a (or your favorite) team online, such as at www.spotrac.com/mlb/. Copy the salary figures for the players into a software program
According to the Indian Medical Association, the median production of vaccine units in India in the first week of July 2021 was 864,000. Which of the following is the most plausible value for the
A student conducted a survey about the amount of free time spent using electronic devices in a week. Of 350 collected responses, the mode was 9, the median was 14, the mean was 17, and the standard
A student asked her coworkers, parents, and friends, “How many friends do you have on Facebook?” She summarized her data and reported that the average number of Facebook friends in her sample is
The Net National Income Per Capita, 2017, published by Statista, showed national per capita income (national income divided by total population, in ’000 USD) by country. For Asia, some of the
The results for the first 20 finishers of the Women’s Marathon in the World Athletics Championships in Beijing in 2015 appears to have a roughly bell-shaped distribution with a mean of 9073 seconds
The average annual surface temperatures in Antarctica for the period from 1936 to 2020 had a mean of -57 degrees Celsius, with a standard deviation of 3.8 degrees Celsius. If the average annual
Every Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey (HILDAS), includes the question, “Does your age limit you now from doing vigorous activities, such as running, lifting heavy objects,
In a survey conducted in March 2013 by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism, 1515 adults were asked about the effectiveness of the government in preventing
The Egyptian Health Department, in its Health and Hygiene Awareness Survey, surveyed residents in about 400 blocks. The survey asked residents questions about their hygiene habits. Those who
To evaluate how eyewitness testimonies may affect jurors in reaching a verdict, researchers recorded two mock murder trials: one with weak and one with strong eyewitness testimonies.They then asked
According to data obtained from the General Social Survey (GSS) in 2014, 1644 out of 2532 respondents were female and interviewed in person, 551 were male and interviewed in person, 320 were female
According to data selected from GSS in 2014, the correlation between y = email hours per week and x = ideal number of children is -0.0008.a. Would you call this association strong or weak? Explain.b.
The article “Understanding the impact on climate change of convenience food: Carbon footprint of sandwiches” analyzed data of 24 commercially available (i.e., ready-made) sandwiches with regard
The Olympic winning men’s long jump distances (in meters) from 1896 to 2016 and the fitted regression line for predicting them using x = year are displayed in the following graph.a. Identify an
The abstract of a study (Postma, 2014, “A relationship between attractiveness and performance in professional cyclists.” Biol. Lett., doi: 10:20130966) reads: “Females often prefer to mate with
The screenshot below, taken from the Multivariate Relationships app, shows a scatterplot of the average teacher salary (in USD) and the average SAT score (both from 2016) in the 50 U.S. states, with
The website rottentomatoes.com publishes two kinds of ratings for movies released in theaters or on streaming services: a critics score and an audience score. The critics score equals the percentage
The cell phone bills of seven members of a family for the previous month were \($89,\) \($92,\) \($92,\) \($93,\) \($95,\) \($81,\) and \($196.\)a. For the seven cell phone bills, report the mean and
A satellite is nearly in a circular orbit determined by \(r\) and \(\frac{d \theta}{d t} \equiv \omega\). An exactly circular orbit is defined by\[r=r_{o}=\text { constant }, \quad
Create a scatterplot of the following number of times 15 teenage girls look at themselves in a mirror per day and their score on a test of self-esteem (scored 1–10, where higher scores indicate
Professor Testgiver wonders if the order in which questions are put on a test affects the test score. He administers different forms of the same test to three subsets of 10 students in his class. On
More students than not gain weight during their first year of college. A nutritionist wonders if this is due to the type of food served in campus dining centers. She compares the number of pounds
Which of the studies described in the exercises above are probably post hoc studies? Why does this complicate interpretation of the results?
For each of the following studies, writea. A directional research hypothesis,b. A nondirectional research hypothesis, andc. The null hypothesis. A researcher is studying whether the number of
For each of the following studies, writea. A directional research hypothesis,b. A nondirectional research hypothesis, andc. The null hypothesis.A researcher is studying whether the size of the
A camp director is investigating the number of recreational activities that boys sign up to participate in and the number of recreational activities that girls sign up to participate in.
An energy researcher wonders which type of heating—electric, natural gas, or oil—is the fastest in raising the temperature of a room. Eight different-sized rooms of identical construction are
An educational psychologist is investigating whether or not asking questions at the start of each class lecture changes student retention of the subsequent lecture materials.
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