The information systems organization, ISACA, conducts an annual survey of cybersecurity at firms from around the world. ISACA sends survey questionnaires via email (SurveyMonkey) to all professionals that hold ISACA’s Certified Information Security Manager designation. Over 1,500 professionals participated in the 2019 cybersecurity survey. Each was asked whether or not they expect to experience a cyberattack (e.g., a Malware, hacking, or phishing attack) against their firm in the coming year. About 80% of the respondents expect to experience a cyberattack during the year.

a. Identify the population of interest to ISACA.

b. Identify the data-collection method used by ISACA. Are there any potential biases in the method used?

c. Describe the variable measured in the ISACA survey. Is it quantitative or qualitative?

d. What inference can be made from the study result?